Why are humans developed differently than other beings?
Humans consider themselves as being the only conscious life-beings on the Earth. But consciousness is a matter of relativity. The consciousness of a highly mentally retarded man is less then that of a dog. Therefore, a clear-cut definition of consciousness is not feasible. When we define consciousness as the fact of being aware of factors or forces acting or influencing on an item and its behaviour according to them, then we have to accept that all kind of beings have their own consciousness level.
As outlined in the paragraphs above, we are living in a dynamical nature. The developments in dynamical systems are executed by probabilistic rules, which are based on information gathering (Haken 2000). Therefore dynamical systems theory is summarised as “Information & self-organisation” in physical sciences. “Maximum Information Principle” is one of the most important part of dynamical systems theory (Haken 2000). Therefore, information gathering or information-building must be very appreciated by cells.
Figure 8. Differences in cortical development of mammalians. Association area of human brains are more developed than sensory or motor area, in contrast to all other animals. They can build huge amounts of "scenarios" from a few sensory data. This is the weakest and strongest peculiarity of humans because they can invent and improvise with these few data huge ideas. Therefore these data must be very reliable. The slightest deviations from the reality can induce great reasoning disorders. Furthermore the data shouldn't be dogmatic, because the life are due to continuous changeovers. (Compiled from Bloom & Lazerson 1988)
After the compilation of the Human-genome project, many other animal genomes were deciphered too. A researchers team of 16 persons (Pollard et al. 2006) would like to know, why humans were very different from all other animals, what point in their genome were distinguishing them from other beings.
For this purpose they compared the human genome with the genomes of different animals like ape, dog, elephant, cat, mouse, etc., and found 49 major differing points, in which human genome were much more developed. They called them “Human Accelerated Regions 1-49”. The study of the first of these regions, called HAR1 (indicating = Human Accelerated Region 1) showed, that this part of chromosome was responsible in the development of neo-cortex of brains. The variability factor of this HAR1 was by humans 18, by chimpanzee 2, and by all other mammalians ca. 0.27 (Pollard et al. 2006).
The main difference between humans and other animals lays in the constitution of their brains. In all comparable animals (mammals) the brain has relatively more nerve cells for sensory and motor area than in humans. But humans have an extremely well developed, "association area" and less developed motor and sensory area! That means: humans have more cells in their brains for planning, forecasting, etc., than for moving or sensing their environments. Its results is that all comparable animals could "see, smell, hear, move or sense any way better" than humans; but humans can make more scenarios from the relatively few observational data than other animals. Humans can experience more vivid dreams, more hallucinations; humans can make more speculations, more future-scenarios, etc. than other animals. The few sensory data they gather has to be very reliable. And that is the Achilles' heel, the weakest point of humans: When sensory data reflect exactly the situations of the living environments, then the cells of the association-area can be wired appropriately, so that the developed scenarios match up to the environment. But if the sensory data doesn’t reflect the environmental situations, then the networking of the brain-cells will be not appropriate to the living environment; those brains will have reasoning defects! And just that is the case by humans: They made up myriads of hallucinatory scenarios, none of them having any counterparts in nature.
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