The reason of 11 dimensions in string theory
The
types of interaction that physics reveals are:
1-
Strong-Interaction: interacts with gluons and is only effective in atomic
nuclei, ie in the femto-meter dimension. (Has its own 3-dimensions)
2- Electromagnetism interacts with photons and, as shown by
electromagnetic spectrum field, is effective in systems up to the size of
planets like our Earth. (Has its own 3-dimensions)
3-
Gravite-interaction: It is effective on universal scale. (Has its own
3-dimensions)
4-
Weak-interaction is a factor that enables transformation between substances on
the universal scale, in particular through neutrinos, and allows the concept of
time to occur.
All
these different interaction-system dimensions are summed up to 3 + 3 + 3 + 1+1
= 11 and the multidimensional universal
system predicted by string theory is derived.
Termodynamical
rules are not applicable to those different realms, because energy storage is
very differently distributed: QCD contain the most part of energy in
atomic-nucleus. Those energy are not to use in molecular realm of
thermodynamics.
Why stop there? With this level of reasoning, you can introduce an additional 3D field of dark energy that contains gravity since dark energy primarily works outside superclusters while gravity primarily works within them.
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